UGC NET December 2018 Result Declared.The conservation and utilisation of water is fundamental for human welfare. Much oflndian agriculture depends on seasonal rainfall and is therefore very sensitive to any failure or irregularity of the same. The problems of soil erosion and of inadequate (not enough) or irregular rainfall are closely connected with each other. It is clear that the adoption of techniques preventing soil erosion would also help to conserve and keep the water where it is wanted.
In India an immense quantity of rain water runs off the ground. The collection and utilisation of this water is important. Much ofit finds its way to the sea. Incredibly large quantities of the precious fluid are thus lost to the country. The harnessing of our rivers, the waters of which now mostly run to waste, is need of the hour. Vast areas ofland which at present are mere scrub jungle could be turned into fertile and prosperous land by courageous and well-planned action. Closely connected with the conservation of water supplies is the problem of afforestation. The systematic planting of suitable trees in every possible or even in impossible areas is one of the most urgent needs oflndia. Such plantation would directly and indirectly prove a source of hidden wealth to the country. They would check soil erosion, conserve the rainfall of the country from flowing away to waste and it will also supply cheap fuel.
The cheapest form of internal transport in a country is by boats and barges through canals and rivers. We hear much about programmes of rails and road construction, but far too little about the development of waterways in India. Then, again, the harnessing of water supplies makes possible the development of hydroelectric power. This would improve the rural life and economy, and help in tapping the ground water resources to a greater extent. Water is the basis of all life. Every animal and every plant contains a substantial proportion of free or combined water in its body, and fluid is an essential part in all physiological activities. Moisture in the soil is equally necessary for the life and growth of plants and trees. Thus, although water is the commonest of liquids, it is the most uncommon of liquids with amazing properties which are responsible for its unique power of maintaining animal and plant life.
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